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Histology – Basics with Important Slides

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Histology-important-topics

In this post, we have discussed all the important slides of histology and the basic concepts to understand the slides.

Meaning/ Definition :

This is also known as microanatomy, and this branch of biology deals with the microscopic structures of biological tissues

What are the important topics :

Basic Concepts :

Types of Epithelium :

  1. Squamous : Simple squamous epithelium and Stratified squamous epithelium
  2. Cuboidal : Simple cuboidal epithelium, Stratified cuboidal epithelium
  3. Columnar : Simple columnar epithelium, Stratified columnar epithelium, and Pseudostratified columnar epitheliumm.
  1. Stratified : Multiple Cells —-> Multiple Nucleus
  2. Pseudostratified : Single Cell —> Single Nucleus || Length is long with hair like projection in the outer border.
  3. Keratinized : Keratin layer is the outer border
  4. Non-keratinized : Absence of keratin layer in outer border

Transitional Epithelium :

  • In this types of epithelium we see several layers of cells with round nuclei.
  • The deepest cells are columnar or cuboidal, Polyhedral or Prear-Shaped cells.
  • This epithelium lines many parts of the urinary tract.

Q. How to differentiate stratified squamous and Transitional epithelium :

  1. Transitional Epithelium : An outer border is present towards outer side.
  2. Stratified : No such outer border is present.

All Histology Slides

1. Adipose Tissue Histology Slide

Features :

  1. Nucleus of Adipocyte
  2. Thin rim of Cytoplasm

2. Hyaline cartilage Histology Slide

Features :

  1. Chondrocytes
  2. Homogenous Matrix
  3. Perichondrium

3. Elastic cartilage Histology Slide

Features :

  1. Chondrocytes
  2. Elastic fibers
  3. Perichondrium

4. Fibro cartilage Histology Slide

Features :

  1. Chondrocytes
  2. Bundles of collagen fibers

5. Compact Bone Histology Slide

Features :

  • Havarsian System
  • Havarsian Canal
  • Volkmann’s Canal
  • Concentric Lamellae
  • Interstitial Lamellae

6. Spongy Bone Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Trabeculae
  2. Osteocytes
  3. Fat cells

7. Skeletal muscle Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Muscle fibres with transverse striations
  2. Peripherally placed nuclei

8. Cardiac muscle Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Centrally placed nuclei
  2. Branching and anastomosing of fibres

9. Elastic Artery Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Endothelium
  2. Subendothelial connective tissue
  3. Internal elastic lamina
  4. Tunical media
  5. Tunica adventitia

10. Muscular artery Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Tunica Intima
  2. Tunica media
  3. Tunica adventitia

11. Smooth muscle Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Oval centrally placed nuclei

12. Vein Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Tunica Intima
  2. Tunica Media
  3. Tunica Adventitia

13. Vermiform appendix Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscular Externa
  4. Serosa
  5. Lymphoid aggregation in Lamina propria

14. Ureter Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Mucosa comprising of transitional epithelium and lamina propria
  2. Transitional epithelium
  3. Star shaped lumen

15. Ductus deferens/Vas deferens Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Small lumen lined by Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscle layer
  4. Adventitia

16. Uterine tube Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Uterine membrane with numerous branching folds.
  2. Inner circular muscle layer
  3. Outer longitudinal muscle layer

17. Jejeunum Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Mucosa : Lining epithelium, Lamina propria, Muscularis mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Villi
  4. Crypts of Leiberkuhn
  5. Goblet Cells

19. Duodenum Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. lamina Propria
  2. Muscularis mucosa
  3. Submucosa
  4. Musculasris externaa
  5. Brunner’s gland present in submucosa
  6. Lamina ppropria

19. Ileum Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Peyer’s patches
  2. Crypts of Leiberkuhn
Crypts : These are anatomical structures that are narrow but deep invaginations into a larger structure.

20. Lymph nodes Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Lymphatic nodule
  2. Germinal centre
  3. Zone of dense lymphocytes
  4. Cortex
  5. Medulla
  6. Capsule
  7. Subcapsular Sinus

21. Spleen Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Red pulp
  2. White pulp
  3. Germinal centre
  4. Arteriole present in an eccentric position

22. Thymus Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Cortex
  2. Medulla
  3. Corpuscle of Hassall

23. Palatine tonsil Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Stratified squamous epithelium
  2. Lymphatic nodule
  3. Crypt

24. Thick skin Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Keratin layer
  2. Epidermis(Stratified squamous epithelium)
  3. Dermis
  4. Sweat gland

25. Thick skin Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Epidermis
  2. Dermis
  3. Hair follicle
  4. Sebaceous gland

26. Tongue Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Stratified squamous epithelium
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Skeletall muscle
  4. Papillae

28. Oesophagus Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Mucosa lined by stratified squamous epithelium
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Submucosa
  4. Muscular externa
  5. Submucous glands

29. Vagina Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium
  2. Lamina propria

30. Cornea Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Stratified squamous corneal epithelium
  2. Anterior limiting membrane(Bowman’s)
  3. Substantia Propria
  4. Posterior limiting membrane(Descemet’s)
  5. Posterior cuboidal epithelium

30. Stomach Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscular Externa
  4. Serosa

31. Large intestine Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Crypts of Leiberkuhn
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Muscular mucosa
  4. Submucosa

32. Gall bladder Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Mucous membrane lined by tail columnar cells with brush border.
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Fibromuscular coat
  4. Serosa
  5. Crypt in lamina propria

33. Urinary bladder Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Transitional epithelium
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Intestinal connective tissue
  4. Smooth muscle bundles

34. Uterus Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Columnar epithelium
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Uterine tissue
  4. Blood vessels
  5. Endometrium
  6. Myometrium

35. Trachea Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Submucosa
  4. Hyaline Cartilage

36. Eyeball Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Sclera, made up of collagen fibres
  2. Choroid, containing blood vessels and pigment cells
  3. Pigement cell layer
  4. Layer of rods and cones
  5. Outer nuclear layer
  6. Outer plexiform layer
  7. Inner nuclear layyer
  8. Inner plexiform layer
  9. Layer of ganglion cells
  10. Layer of optic nerve fibres

37. Sub-mandibular Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Serous-acini
  2. Mucous acinus
  3. Mucous acini with serous demilune
  4. Duct

38. Pancreas Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Serous acini
  2. Pancreatic islets

39. Mammary gland Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Lobule
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Alveoli
  4. Duct
  5. Adipose tissue

41. Kidney Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Renal corpuscle
  2. Proximal convoluted tubules
  3. Distal convoluted tubules

41. Epididymis Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia
  2. Spermatozoa clumps
  3. Smooth muscle fibers

42. Seminal vesicle Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Folds of mucosa
  2. Muscle wall

44. Testes Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Seminiferous tubule
  2. Interstitial cells of Leydig

45. Prostate Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Follicles lined by columnar epithelium
  2. Corpora amylacea
  3. Fibromuscular tissue

45. Thyroid gland Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Follicles lined by cuboidal epithelium
  2. Pink stained colloidal material
  3. Blood vessel

46. Liver Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Central vein
  2. Radiating cords of hepatocytes

47. Suprarenal gland Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Capsule
  2. Zona glomerulosa
  3. Zona fasciculata
  4. Zona reticularis
  5. Medulla

48. Hypophysis cerebri Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Pars anterior
  2. Pars intermedia
  3. Pars posterior

49. Parathyroid gland Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Chief cells
  2. Oxyphillic cells
  3. Adipose cells

50. Cerebral cortex Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Molecular layer
  2. External granular layer
  3. Pyramidal cell layer
  4. Internal granular layer
  5. Ganglionic layer
  6. Multiform layer
  7. Plamatter
  8. White matter

51. Lung Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Lung
  2. Bronchiole

52. Ovary Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Ovarian follicles
  2. Cortex
  3. Medulla

54. Spinal cord Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Anterior grey column
  2. Posterior grey column
  3. Anterior white column
  4. Posterior white column

55. Cerebellum Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Molecular layer
  2. Purkinje cellss
  3. Granule cell layer
  4. White matter
  5. Piamater

55. Peripheral nerve Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Perineurium
  2. Endoneurium

56. Placenta Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Chorionic vlli
  2. Syncytiotrophoblast
  3. Connective tissue
  4. Fetal blood vessel
  5. Intervillous space
  6. Maternal blood cells

57. Fallopian tube Histology Slide :

Features :

  1. Highly folded mucosa of simple columnar ciliated epithelium
  2. Thick circular muscle coat
  3. Cellular lamina propria
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